"21": willing to commit treason, or is forced to compromise?
Yang Jintao
"Contained in our blue version of the second part of the 2011"
Talk about "21", we usually have a conclusion, that Yuan Shikai to return for Japan was in favour of its support, willing to sell national sovereignty. So, is this true? "21" sign, is willing to commit treason Yuan Shi-kai, was also forced to compromise?
"I will fight to force refused"
During World War I, Britain and Japan Coalition to wage war on the German army and thus made Germany all rights in Shandong. After the end of the war, China in January 1915, two note to the British and Japanese Governments, demanded the restoration of the territorial status quo. Japan has so unwilling to let the cooked duck flies, will legitimize occupation rights in Shandong, more opportunity to dominate the Chinese, on January 18 handed over to the Chinese Government "21".
"21" fifth, harsh, especially the fifth number, provided the Chinese Government hire Japanese as political, military and other advisers, Japan built in China have built railway, mining, shipyards and other priorities. If all of China, will no doubt become Japan's colony.
Yuan Shi-kai see the content of the Treaty, immediately understood the Japanese mind, a rage: "Japan had conquered people as China, Korea second China will never do! "Let a dictator willing to do China Japan agent, how to? Struggle of the Chinese Government began.
In the Ministry of Foreign Affairs sent to "21" file on the cover of, Yuan Shi-kai's instructions said: "the interference in China's internal affairs, Department of infringing upon China's sovereignty, it is difficult to open discussion. "However, Japan aggressive, Yuan was not flatly refuse, let alone the Japanese are not empty gloves White Wolf, their Exchange is:" under certain conditions, will be returned to China in the Jiaozhou Bay; ensure the safety of Yuan Da of the President and the Government. "Treaty is a terrorist, but also very attractive.
There is also a condition that we often say, Japan was in favour of to support Yuan Shikai as bait, in exchange for their consent "article 21".
Yuan Shi-kai was in favour of want? Of course want to. However he also dare to proclaim oneself Emperor hastily, once the Republic of China into the Chinese Empire, and the great powers will not be recognized (and later did so), that much trouble. Japan selfishness as clean as day light on Yuan Shi-kai, Japan Prime Minister Okuma letters mean to media, said: "Japan as a monarchy, if monarchy in China, and Japan of the same State system, Japan course sponsor. "Japan Minister Hioki Yi had Cao Rulin privately said:" our country to Jesus Christ for the purpose, structure China wishing to restoration, our country will agree. "However, these words are not Japan Government's official statement, only Japan politicians throw bait. Yuan Shi-kai official aspect for many years, will not understand the truth in this? Just one or two politicians and an oral statement, he could willingly commit treason?
However, ridiculous to absurd, humiliation to the humiliation, talking about or want to talk. But when Yuan Shi-kai also has the worst intentions, once the bilateral talks broke down, "to have a gun and a bomb, also breaking no follow". Now that the negotiations must be conducted, that China only has argued, in order to minimize the loss. As for the Treaty, the fifth, Yuan Shi-kai is very clear that: "Although weak in China, if invading our sovereignty, beam I Interior, as listed in the fifth, I will fight to force refused. "Swing clear said that if Japan must let China be your colonies to Yuan Shikai when I" finish off the President ", the deal would spell a cut-throat.
Application of "drag" stalling
Yuan Shi-kai Lu Zhengxiang served as Chief of diplomatic, Cao Rulin served as Foreign Minister, presided over the negotiations toward Japan.
Lu Zhengxiang and Japan today Minister reset when Yi met for the first time today, reset the benefits proposed: "I hope meeting every day of negotiations, to be held Sunday, to quickly resolve the problem as a principle. "Japan eager to dominate the Chinese, so I hope that the negotiations, the faster the better. While the Chinese side to delay time to the extent possible, timely intervention with a view to the European powers.
Lu Zhengxiang and fight the taijiquan, offering "international practices" banner. Today he said: "meet every day there is no problem, but meet on Sunday, there is no international precedent. In addition, I am Chief of diplomacy, negotiations and your country, there are many other services need to be addressed, so every morning to find time to interview guests, negotiations can only be carried out in the afternoon. "Lu Zhengxiang request reasonable, Hioki Yi but had to agree. Lu Zhengxiang then suggested that negotiations should start every day at five o'clock in the afternoon. Reset the benefit does not agree that the date: "five-point too late, it is best to start at two o'clock in the afternoon, night must also be sustainable. "Lu Zhengxiang bargain in place:" two time negotiation is no problem, but I was so bad, cannot continue to meet in the night. ��
Talks between the two sides since the start of February 2, 1915. Negotiations, Lu Zhengxiang first according to the rituals seat, drinking tea, spent several ten minute; later session is also declining, last as little as negotiations only once a week. At that time, Lu Zhengxiang also suggested to be article by article discussion, that is, the first after the first, reached an agreement, talking about the first, second, after all, it is possible to delay.
Yuan Shi-kai closely following the negotiations, Lu Zhengxiang, Cao Rulin instructions. Every morning, Cao Rulin were to report to the Presidential Palace the day before the meeting, at the same time the request for response. Minister Lu Zong in Japan often will Japan domestic situation informed Yuan Shi-kai, as the basis for decision-making. Lu Zhengxiang, Cao Rulin under President in negotiations indicates that the Japanese side argued, not compromise easily. Rather difficult negotiations on both sides, from February 2 until April 25, negotiations 25 times, also failed to reach an agreement.
At this point, international environmental catastrophe. Great powers aware of Japan after a vain attempt to dominate China's practices, are furious. Japan to avoid bring about many unexpected obstacles, on the one hand had to claim the fifth number is "want to condition" is not a formal treaty.
Do not sign war
On May 7, Japan advance concessions, but at the same time issued an ultimatum to the Chinese Government, except for Japan to further discussion on the fifth, the "hope the Chinese Government up to May 9, to meet the reply, such as unable to meet due reply, the Government of the Empire will perform the necessary means to" is "57 diplomatic note". The so-called "necessary means" clearly refers to the war. Japan to force China into submission, on the one hand using exile Japan's Chinese revolutionary party threats Beijing Government, on the other hand sent army Shenyang, Jinan, Navy to cruising in the Bohai Sea.
The clouds of war suddenly gripped China, Yuan Shikai immediately summoned government officials discuss countermeasures. Most meeting the primary and only Chief of the army Duan Qi-Rui attitude: "accommodation, what country? I all-or, buweiwaquan! "When Duan Qi-Rui has covert operations, prepared on the day world war I. Yuan Shi-kai sigh: "Chief said was right, but also to the situation, is necessary. If Japan does not withdraw the fifth, I would certainly agree with the views of the Chief of the section. Just now have been withdrawn, the provisions of the resolution, while also damaging China's rights and, fortunately, is still not finish off the condition. Therefore, I hope you remember this is to yield to an ultimatum for the time being, this is humiliating. Then I do not know, and not far from North Korea. "Duan Qi-Rui still do not change their minds:" built in the early Republic, recognized as such by traitorous Treaty, if other powers to emulate Japan, what should I do? "Yuan Shi-kai said:" I would like to humiliate recognized? In contrast, however our national strength and had to settle for. Comparison of the strength of the two countries, you should understand. "Duan Qi-Rui was without words.
According to Liang Shiyi and later participating in the Conference memories, when the "Yuan President address the grief, clothes stained tilei. Participants or grievances fill the chest, or fantastic miserable stop. " Everybody's frustration, we can see that.
The Yuan family, Tang Degang when when the situation in the country when it comes to Yuan Shi-kai, refers to a "nine? 18" Readme Chiang Kai-shek after: "war without a fight, to effect its State, crimes of the Government. Not war fought to death their country, also Government crimes. "Think about the situation at the time, had just experienced a change in late Qing dynasty of China, how could rise is East of opponents?
On May 9, the "21" signed, Yuan Shi-kai to officials in Beijing said, "China's national strength is not sufficient, it is difficult to fight", "for the balance, and forced to accept Japan diplomatic note requirements, how sad! What a shame! "May 9 as" Day of Infamy ", is the whole of Yuan Shikai's orders.
After news broke of the Agency, the national uproar, have denounced the Government commit treason. To Chinese interpretation difficulties, Yuan Shi-kai in the May 26 presidential order, indicate the reason why the Government part agreed with Japan's unreasonable demands, just don't repeat the mistakes of late Qing dynasty.
Yuan Shi-kai in life who also wrote the book history of Japanese negotiation failed, printed 50,000 copies, send it there is a model prison in Shandong province. He said: "this time we had a big loss, one day we have, this book is available for public release, let the world know the evils of Japanese. "Unfortunately does not end up seeing the Chinese Yuan Shi-kai beat Japan day.
Japan to ultimatum at a time when oppression in China, led by Sun Yat-Sen's Revolutionary Party of people doing what?
����
More exciting content welcome hundred Forum magazine official website
http://www.baijiajiangtan.com.cn
No comments:
Post a Comment